Who gets osteoporosis: Age is one of the largest risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures. In addition, age is related to fracture risk – so older people get osteoporosis, and in addition are much more likely to have a significant fracture compared to a younger person with the same bones. Other risk factors for osteoporosis include the estrogen deficiency associated with menopause, testosterone deficiency in men, family history and genetics, female sex, low calcium/vitamin D intake, poor exercise, smoking alcohol, low body weight, anorexia, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, prednisone use, liver or renal disease. Chronic use of medications such as heparin and antiepileptics are associated with osteoporosis. In addition, malignancies, especially multiple myeloma, can present with osteopenia and fractures. Prolonged immobility and low calcium intake combined with poor vitamin D intake and sun exposure can compound the problem in the frail elderly nursing home population. In addition, patients who have experienced a stroke leading to hemiplegia have a significant increase in osteoporosis and hip fracture on the involved side, likely related to accelerated osteoporosis of bone in an immobilized state combined with an increased risk of falls after a CVA [8].