The traditional way of looking at what benefits fusion has to offer beyond electricityhas been to point to the "spin-off" from plasma research and technology that hasresulted from the construction of complex plasma experiments. Several Governmentsummaries 1,2,3, individual reviews 4,5,6 , and even a recent conference 7 have addressed the indirect benefits of these spin-offs to society that result from funding the fusionprogram. These benefits are real and impressive. However, essentially all of thesecommercial products come from non-fusion plasmas or equipment not specificallydesigned to handle fusion plasmas. The use of plasmas to provide UV to dry printedmaterial, the use of RF generated plasmas to generate light for home use, and the useof RF generated plasmas for etching are only a few examples of commercial productsthat do not require an actual fusion event, just energetic ions (usually protons) orelectrons. It can be convincingly argued that people are happy to accept the benefitsthat come from this research, but the fusion program is not funded to generate "spin-off", but rather to produce fusion energy in the long run. Therefore, this report willconcentrate on only those products that come from fusing plasmas.

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